Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers -- Mechanical Aspects
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Description
The course concentrates on heat exchanger hardware, performance requirements, inspection, maintenance and repair, and life extension. The material applies to tubular exchangers used in chemical and petrochemical plants, oil refineries, power stations and industrial facilities. Thermal design is not discussed except where it affects the structure.
The internationally used TEMA system for describing size and type is explained. TEMA terminology and nomenclature are illustrated. The ASME Code and TEMA standards are surveyed. Design point setting and effects on the structure of operating deviations, transients and upsets are examined.
In the tube side coverage, specimens of several kinds of tubing are shown, and participants are given the opportunity to examine mechanical expanding tools. A video of a gasketing system and bolt tensioning is shown. In the shell side coverage, conventional baffles, rod-baffles, helical baffles and twisted-tube exchangers are discussed and an opportunity is provided to examine a twisted tube specimen. Differential pressure design, connections of tubesheets to shells and channels and metal temperature differences are discussed. An overview of tube vibration includes descriptions of damage caused by tube vibration, vibration forcing mechanisms and information required for vibration analysis.
Discussion of shop inspection covers inspectors’ qualifications, pre-inspection meetings, inspection tools and equipment, and the inspection brief. A video including boroscope examination of tubes is shown.
The sessions on maintenance and repair, life extension and troubleshooting include video presentations of on-line cleaning, hydraulic bundle extractors and tube pulling equipment. The presentations of techniques for writing specifications reviews functional and types of heat exchanger specification. Guidelines are given for elements that should be included in functional, general and mechanical specifications.